Mahatma Gandhi was a pivotal leader in India's struggle for independence from British rule, renowned for his philosophy of non-violent civil disobedience (satyagraha). Also known as the "Father of the Nation" and "Bapu," he inspired movements for social justice through his commitment to truth, non-violence, and simple living, influencing leaders worldwide. His philosophy and life's work are honored globally, including by the United Nations which declared his birthday, October 2, as the International Day of Non-Violence.